Mother-to-infant and father-to-infant initial emotional involvement

While infant attachment has been largely studied, parental attachment is still relatively unknown,
especially when referred to fathers. However, it is mainly recognised that parents’ emotional involvement
with the newborn contributes to the quality of the interaction and the care they provide. The
aim of this study was to study mother-to-infant and father-to-infant initial emotional involvement;
namely, differences between mothers and fathers and changes in mother’s emotions toward the
neonate within the first days after delivery. The Bonding Scale, an extended Portuguese version of
the ‘New Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale’, was administered during the first two days after childbirth
to a sample of 315 mothers and 141 fathers (n = 456), at the Júlio Dinis Maternity Hospital
(Portugal). Most mothers and fathers show positive emotions and only a few of them showed
negative emotions toward the infant. Maternal and paternal emotional involvement toward the
newborn tend to be similar; nevertheless, fathers show less fear and better emotional involvement
with the neonate, while mothers are sadder and show more emotions not related to bonding. During
the first days following delivery, emotions not related to bonding, such as fear, seem to decrease in
mothers.
This article was made possible by a grant from the Human Development and Health Service of the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation (number 48914) and a grant from the Bial Foundation (number 58/02). The authors want to thank all the mothers and fathers that participated in this study.